Land in the Torah as a Source of Christian Religious Education
Issue: Vol.9 No.3 March 2023 Issue Article 2 pp. 134-144
DOI : https://doi.org/10.38159/erats.2023932 | Published online 24th March 2023.
© 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The purpose of this article is to carry out a theological analysis of “land” as one of the important theological themes in the Old Testament. The approach used in this article is the deductive paradigm. Based on the results of the analysis of the theme of land theology in the Old Testament, the theological theme of the “land” refers to the land that belongs to God which was inherited (mahala) by Israel. The land became one of the prominent features of the series of stories and life in the Old Testament. Israel’s responsibility on YHWH’s land is to establish the Torah as a source of religious education. The paper recommends that any Christian that God places anywhere and in any field of work should strive to strengthen Christian teaching that is rooted in the Word of God as a source of teaching authority. It recommends that an understanding of “land” in the Old Testament should become the theological starting point in building the paradigm of Christian Religious Education.
Keywords: Land Theology, Torah, Strengthening Torah, Christian Religious Education
Alexander, T. Desmond, and David W. Baker, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch. Downers Grove, IL: InterVersity Press, 2003.
Arnold, T. Bill, and H.G.M Williamson, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books. Downers Grove, IL: InterVersity Press, 2005.
Barth, Cristopher. Teologia Perjanjian Lama. 2nd ed. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2001.
Birch, B.C. Let Justice Roll Down: The Old Testament, Ethics, and Christian Life. 1st ed. Louisville: Westminster, 2009.
Boda, Mark J., and J. Gordon McConville, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament Prophets: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship. Downers Grove, IL: InterVersity Press, 2012.
Boiliu, Noh Ibrahim. Filsafat Pendidikan Kristen. Jakarta: UKI Press, 2020.
Braber, Marieke den, and Jan Wim Wesselius. “The Unity of Joshua 1-8, Its Relation to the Story of King Keret, and the Literary Background to the Exodus and Conquest Stories.” Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament 22, no. 2 (2008): 253–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/09018320802661218.
Brueggemann, W. Theology of the Old Testament: Testimony, Dispute, Advocacy. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1997.
Cohen, Aviv. “Teaching the Land of Israel as Civic Education: A Historical Exploration.” Journal of Geography 117, no. 2 (2018): 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221341.2017.1307437.
Crusemann, Frank. The Torah: Theology and Social History of Old Testament Law. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000.
Driver, S.R. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary On Deuteronomy. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1992.
Drummond, Celia Deane. Teologi Dan Ekologi. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2011.
Dyrness, William. Tema-Tema Dalam Teologia Perjajian Lama. Malang: Gandum Mas, 2014.
George, W. “The Book of Joshua: Heroic Saga or Conquest Theme?” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 12, no. 38 (1987): 15–32. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1177/030908928701203802.
Habel, N. C. The Land Is Mine: Six Biblical Land Ideologies. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1995.
Hamilton, Victor. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament. Edited by R. Laird. Chicago: Moody Press, 1980.
Janzen, W. Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by David Noel Freedman. 4th ed. New York: Doubleday, 1992.
Łanoszka, Mirosław. “The Relationship between God and Israel as a Biblical Portrayal of the Bond between God and the Person in the Light of Deuteronomy 1:1–4:43.” The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II 4, no. 2 (2014): 5. https://doi.org/10.15633/pch.658.
Levine, Etan. “The Land of Milk and Honey.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 87 (2000): 43–57. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1177/030908920002508703.
Lohfink, Norbert. Great Themes From The Old Testament. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1982.
Mayes, A.D.H. The New Century Bible Commentary:Deuteronomy. Grand Rapids: Eerdamans Publishing, 1981.
Millar, J.G. New Dictionary of Biblical Theology: Exploring the Unity & Diversity of Scripture. Edited by Brian S. Rosner. Downers Grove, IL, 2000.
Nelson, Richard. “The Double Redaction of the Deuteronomistic History: The Case Is Still Compelling.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 29, no. 3 (2005): 319–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309089205053477.
____. Deuteronomy. Louisville: Westminster, 2004.
____. Joshua: A Commentary. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 1997.
O’Brien, Mark. “Deuteronomy 16.18-18.22: Meeting the Challenge of Towns and Nations.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 33, no. 2 (2008): 155–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309089208099254.
Preuss, Horst Dietrich. Old Testament Theology: Volume 1. Kentucky: Westminister John Knox Press, 1995.
Rendtorff, Rolf. The Old Testament: An Introduction. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 2010.
Russell, Stephen C. “Enemies, Lands, and Borders in Biblical Crossing Traditions.” Journal of Ancient Near Eastern History 4, no. 1–2 (2018): 163–76. https://doi.org/10.1515/janeh-2017-0024.
Seters, John van. Prologue to History: The Yahwist as Historian in Genesis. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press, 2009.
Sipahutar, Roy Charly. “Kajian Ekoteologis Tentang Konsep Tanah Dalam Perjanjian Lama Dan Implikasinya Bagi Pemeliharaan Tanah.” BIA’: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen Kontekstual 2, no. 2 (2019): 166–78. https://doi.org/10.34307/b.v2i2.95.
Ska, Jean Louis. “From History Writing to Library Building: The End of History and the Birth of the Book.” In The Pentateuch as Torah: New Models for Understanding Its Promulgation and Acceptance, edited by Garry N. Knnopers and Bernard M. Levinson, 145–70. Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 2007.
Soggin, J. A. Introduction to the Old Testament. Philadelphia: Westminte Press, 1999.
Vaux, Roland de. Ancient Israel: Social Institutions. 1st ed. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1965.
Vos, J. Cornelis De. “‘Holy Land’ In Joshua 18:1–10.” In The Land of Israel in Bible, History, and Theology, edited by Jacques van Ruiten and J. Cornelius De Vos, 124th ed., 61–72. Leiden-Boston, 2009. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004175150.i-474.33.
Westermann, Claus. Elements of Old Testament Theology. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 2010.
Wright, C.J.H. God’s People in God’s Land: Family, Land, and Property in the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdamans Publishing, 1990.
____. Hidup Sebagai Umat Allah: Etika Perjanjian Lama. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1993.
Noh Ibrahim Boiliu is a Lecturer at the Department of Christian Religious Education, Christian University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. He teaching and research focuses on the Old Testament and the Philosophy of Christian Education.
Haryadi Sarjono, is a Graduate student at the GLOW Theological Seminary, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Harun Y. Natonis, is a Rector and Lecturer at the Kupang State Institute of Christianity, Indonesia.
Boiliu, N.I., Sarjono, H. & Natonis, H.Y. “Land in the Torah as a Source of Christian Religious Education,” E-Journal of Religious and Theological Studies, 9 no.3 (2023): 134-144. https://doi.org/10.38159/erats.2023932
© 2023 The Author(s). Published and Maintained by Noyam Publishers. This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Others