A Measurement Scale for School Leadership Professional Development Needs for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Omotayo A. Awodiji 
& Suraiya R. Naicker
Issue: Vol.5 No.16 Issue Article 17 pp.2889 – 2910
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.202451617 | Published online 19th December, 2024
© 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Research has shown that school leaders must improve their knowledge and skills as the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) dawns. Thus, the study validated a scale that could be adopted to assess school leaders’ development needs in the 4IR. Specifically, this study estimated the instrument’s validity, determined the number of factors underlining the scale, and established the reliability coefficient of the scale. A quantitative survey design was used. A systematic sampling was conducted to select 284 respondents from selected basic schools (public and private) in the Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. A content validity ratio (CVR) and a content validity index (CVI) were calculated based on the judgments of the panelists. Using Ordinal, Omega, and Guttmann Alpha approaches, statistical computing was done using R software (R Core Team, 2020) to determine the underlying factors of the scale items using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). A parallel analysis identified eight factors: school leaders’ knowledge of 4IR attributes, leaders’ technology needs, easy usage of basic technology applications, agility, information management and evaluation, communication expressiveness and collaboration, critical thinking and problem-solving, and creativity. Based on the results, the scale is valid for measuring the construct, showing good content and construct validity. Also, there was high internal consistency in all the approaches used. The scale is reliable and valid. The study recommends that school leaders, administrators, researchers, and other stakeholders adopt this scale to assess their skills development needs in the 4IR era. Hence, scholars could use the scale to conduct reliable studies in Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan African nations.
Keywords: Agility, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Leadership Development, School Leaders, 4IR Leadership Skills.
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Dr. Omotayo A. Awodiji is a Senior Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Department of Education Leadership and Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. He is also a part-time faculty member at UNICAF University, Cyprus, and a part-time tutor at the Botswana Open University, Botswana. He holds a PhD, M.Ed., and B.Ed. (UNILORIN) in Educational Management with specialisation in human resource management and leadership. He specializes in professional development, leadership development, teacher education, and ICT in education. He received a fellowship under the agreement between The World Academic of Science (TWAS), Italy and COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), in 2016–2017. He is a member of the Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN), the Nigerian Association for Educational Administration and Planning (NAEAP), the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration and Management (CCEAAM), the British Educational Leadership, Management and Administration Society (BELMAS), the American Psychological Association (APA), Association of Behavioural Research Analysts and Psychometricians (AB-REAP) among others. He has about 36 publications in reputable journals.
Prof. Suraiya R. Naicker is the Head of the Department (HOD) and an Associate Professor in the Department of Education Leadership and Management at the University of Johannesburg (UJ). She also served as an educator, HOD and deputy principal for 16 years in public education. She was awarded the New Generations Scholarship from UJ twice, first to complete an MEd and thereafter a PhD. In 2011, she was awarded the UJ Vice Chancellor’s Medal as the Education Faculty’s top Masters candidate. She has published various scholarly articles, a book chapter, and conference proceedings on education leadership. Her research focuses on systemic change, leadership development, distributive leadership and education in rural contexts.
Awodiji, Omotayo A. & Suraiya R. Naicker . “A Measurement Scale for School Leadership Professional Development Needs for the Fourth Industrial Revolution ,” E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences 5, no.16 (2024):2889 – 2910. https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.202451617
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