E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences (EHASS) - ISSN 2720-7722

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Blanc, Julian J, and Richard F W Barnes. African Elephant Status Report 2007: An Update from the African Elephant Database. Iucn, 2007.

Bryceson, Deborah Fahy. “Deagrarianisation and Depeasantisation in Africa.” In Handbook of African Development, 368–77. Routledge, 2018.

Cabeliza, Stella May, Jonathan Chiong, Peilong Li, Avelonia Vea, Xiaolin Liu, Mo Li, Yi Tang, Lingling Dai, Lianfei Yin, and Jun Yang. “Bringing Education to the Communities: Its Conceptualization, Implementation & Evaluation.” Language, Literature and Society 2019, 2019, 39.

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Chase, Michael J, Scott Schlossberg, Curtice R Griffin, Philippe J C Bouché, Sintayehu W Djene, Paul W Elkan, Sam Ferreira, Falk Grossman, Edward Mtarima Kohi, and Kelly Landen. “Continent-Wide Survey Reveals Massive Decline in African Savannah Elephants.” PeerJ 4 (2016): e2354.

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Dickman, Amy J. “Complexities of Conflict: The Importance of Considering Social Factors for Effectively Resolving Human–Wildlife Conflict.” Animal Conservation 13, no. 5 (2010): 458–66.

Douglas, Nyathi, Beremauro Reason, Tonderai Takavarasha, and Joram Ndlovu. “Diversification and Farm Household Welfare in Grasslands ‘A’Farm, Kwekwe District, Zimbabwe.” J Hum Ecol 62, no. 1–3 (2018): 58–68.

Dublin, Holly T., and Richard E. Hoare. “Searching for Solutions: The Evolution of an Integrated Approach to Understanding and Mitigating Human–Elephant Conflict in Africa.” Human Dimensions of Wildlife 9, no. 4 (December 2004): 271–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/10871200490505701.

Dunkin, Robin C, Dinah Wilson, Nicolas Way, Kari Johnson, and Terrie M Williams. “Climate Influences Thermal Balance and Water Use in African and Asian Elephants: Physiology Can Predict Drivers of Elephant Distribution.” Journal of Experimental Biology 216, no. 15 (2013): 2939–52.

Ellis, Frank. Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries. Oxford university press, 2000.

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Fan, Shenggen, and Christopher Rue. “The Role of Smallholder Farms in a Changing World.” The Role of Smallholder Farms in Food and Nutrition Security, 2020, 13–28.

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Fapohunda, Tinuke M. “Employment Casualization and Degradation of Work in Nigeria.” International Journal of Business and Social Science 3, no. 9 (2012): 257–67.

Frank, Beatrice, and Brandon P. Anthony. “Towards More Resilient Conservation Practices: Bridging the Past and Present of Human–Wildlife Interactions.” Sustainability 13, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 12131. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112131.

Garland, Elizabeth. “The Elephant in the Room: Confronting the Colonial Character of Wildlife Conservation in Africa.” African Studies Review 51, no. 3 (2008): 51–74.

Gezon, L.L., and S. Paulson. “ Place, Power, Difference: Multiscale Research at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century.” In Political Ecology Across Spaces, Scales, and Social Groups, edited by S. Paulson and L. L. Gezon, 1–16. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2005.

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Givá, N, and N Sriskandarajah. “Farming Systems within Protected Areas and Dealing with Drought and Elephant Invasion: Climate Change Challenges in Limpopo National Park, Mozambique.,” 2012.

Graham, M. D., I. Douglas‐Hamilton, W. M. Adams, and P. C. Lee. “The Movement of African Elephants in a Human‐dominated Land‐use Mosaic.” Animal Conservation 12, no. 5 (October 23, 2009): 445–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00272.x.

Guba, Egon G, and Yvonna S Lincoln. “Paradigmatic Controversies, Contradictions, and Emerging Confluences.” In The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 3rd Ed., 191–215. Thousand Oaks,  CA: Sage Publications Ltd, 2005.

Gubbi, Sanjay. “Patterns and Correlates of Human–Elephant Conflict around a South Indian Reserve.” Biological Conservation 148, no. 1 (2012): 88–95.

Hauenstein, Severin, Mrigesh Kshatriya, Julian Blanc, Carsten F Dormann, and Colin M Beale. “African Elephant Poaching Rates Correlate with Local Poverty, National Corruption and Global Ivory Price.” Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (2019): 2242.

Jacka, Jerry K. Alchemy in the Rain Forest: Politics, Ecology, and Resilience in a New Guinea Mining Area. Duke University Press, 2015.

Leff, Enrique. “Political Ecology: A Latin American Perspective.” Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente 35, no. 35 (2015): 29–64.

Malley, Grace S, and L J Gorenflo. “Shifts in the Conflict-Coexistence Continuum: Exploring Social-Ecological Determinants of Human-Elephant Interactions.” PloS One 18, no. 3 (2023): e0274155.

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Mohammed Shuker, Fuad, and Hakim Hashim Sadik. “A Critical Review on Rural Youth Unemployment in Ethiopia.” International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 29, no. 1 (December 31, 2024). https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2024.2322564.

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Nyathi, Douglas, and Joram Ndlovu. “Livelihood Diversification and Household Food Security in Selected Agrarian Settings of Western Zimbabwe.” In Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security, 349–59. Springer, 2022.

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Dr. Douglas Nyathi is a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the University of Johannesburg whose research critically examines the intersections of climate change, gender dynamics, and livelihood diversification within marginalized communities. His work focuses on the disproportionate effects of climate-induced displacement on women, particularly in rural Zimbabwe, a region marked by socio-economic vulnerabilities. Through extensive field studies, Dr Nyathi analyzes how women adapt their agricultural practices in response to changing climatic conditions while pursuing alternative income sources, revealing the resilience strategies underpinning their survival. By emphasizing the unique challenges faced by these communities, Dr Nyathi contributes to a deeper understanding of gendered responses to climate stressors and advocates for the integration of gender-sensitive approaches in environmental policies. His commitment to social justice aims to amplify the voices of women and marginalized populations affected by climate change. As he engages with a variety of stakeholders, his research aspires to inform policies that prioritize the needs and resilience of the most impacted communities, ultimately fostering a more equitable and empathetic response to global climate challenges.

Prof. Joram Ndlovu serves as an Associate Professor and Academic Leader for Research within the School of Social Sciences at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, bringing over three decades of substantial academic experience and research acumen in various universities across Southern Africa. His prolific scholarly contributions include numerous publications across interdisciplinary domains, including but not limited to tourism enterprises, digitalization, destination branding, cultural and heritage tourism, and social well-being. He has further demonstrated a commitment to academic mentorship by supervising over twenty Masters and PhD candidates, fostering the next generation of scholars in the social sciences. Prof. Ndlovu’s research interests are particularly focused on the intricate intersections of livelihoods, climate change, and indigenous knowledge systems. He critically investigates how indigenous communities navigate and adapt to environmental challenges through the utilization of traditional ecological knowledge, thereby sustaining their livelihoods in the face of climate variability. His scholarly inquiries delve into the mechanisms by which these communities leverage their cultural heritage and knowledge to foster resilience against climate-induced disruptions.

Joram, Ndlovu & Douglas Nyathi. “Complexities of Conflict: Climate Change, Elephants and Local Livelihoods in Lupane, Zimbabwe ,” E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences 5, no.13 (2024): 2382-2397. https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.202451328